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Battle of Rappahannock River
The Battle of Rappahannock River〔http://www.visit1812.com/history/〕 was fought in 1813 during the War of 1812. A British force blockading the Rappahannock River of Virginia sent several hundred men in boats to attack four American privateers. Ultimately the British were victorious and the American ships were captured.〔Scott, pg. 78-90〕
==Background==
On April 1, 1813, a British squadron consisting of the ships-of-the-line and , four frigates , , and , two brigs, ''Mohawk'' and and one schooner, the blockaded the Rappahannock from Lynhaven Bay. They held several American prizes and were out to capture more so the British commanders prepared a cutting out expedition, where small boats attempt to capture larger vessels at anchor. On the following day, the British dispatched seventeen, pinnaces, barges, launches, and other boats with a few carronades to sail around the bay. Each boat carried up to fifty marines or sailors mainly armed with steel, Lieutenant James Polkinghorne was in command. While abreast of Windmill Point at about 4:00 pm, the expedition sighted five American vessels and chased them all through the night until losing sight as they passed a turn in the river. The British had difficulty in rowing up the Rappahannock so during the descent twelve of the boats fell far behind leaving only five British craft, one 12-pounder and 105 officers and men to make the attack.〔Scott, pg. 78〕
Four of the pursued ships were armed schooners under Captain William S. Stafford in the twelve gun . The others were the ''Lynx'' of six guns, the ''Racer'' of six guns and the ''Arab'' of seven guns. In all, the American schooners mounted 30 guns with 160 men.〔Roosevelt, pg. 98〕 Most or all of these vessels were built in Baltimore. Captain Stafford had little alternative but to scuttle the schooners or fight. He decided to offer resistance and anchored his ships in line of battle with portside guns facing the mouth of the Rappahannock where the British would originate.〔Scott, pg. 79〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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